Abubakar D., 2

Abubakar is a 2-yearl old boy. He was the only one his parents gave birth to they love him so much they leave at one small temporary place which their house is been damaged by flooding at Tagamu village. He was apparently well until one week ago when he developed chest tightness, cough and breathlessness/difficulty breathing. Associated with profuse perspiration. On presentation at our hospital, he was evaluated and diagnosed with Acute Asthmatic Attack and needed urgent medical attention.

On arrival, the child is quickly assessed to determine the severity of the attack. Immediate treatment is initiated, often starting with oxygen therapy to maintain adequate oxygen saturation. Short-acting bronchodilators, such as nebulized salbutamol, are administered to relieve bronchospasm and open up the airways. This may be repeated at regular intervals depending on the child’s response. In moderate to severe cases, systemic corticosteroids (oral or intravenous) are given to reduce airway inflammation and prevent worsening of symptoms. Additional medications such as ipratropium bromide may be added in severe attacks to enhance bronchodilation. The child is closely monitored throughout treatment, including respiratory rate, pulse rate, oxygen saturation, and level of consciousness. Fluid intake is also maintained, and any potential triggers or underlying infections are assessed and managed accordingly. Recovery and Post-Treatment Care As treatment progresses, the child showed gradual improvement, with reduced wheezing, easier breathing, and improved oxygen levels. Once stable, nebulization frequency is reduced, and the child may be switched to inhalers with spacers for continued management. Before discharge, caregivers are educated on asthma management at home. This includes proper use of inhalers, recognizing early warning signs of an attack, avoiding known triggers such as dust or smoke, and adhering to prescribed medications.

Acute asthmatic attack is a serious event that demands immediate attention, the long-term outlook hinges on the patient's commitment to a proactive and consistent management plan to prevent future attacks and preserve lung function.