Jian J., 1

Jian is the second born child of her mother and the younger sibling of his twin sister. He lives with his mother and twin in their great-grandmother’s two-roomed mud-walled house, along with his aunt. His father abandoned the family while his mother was still pregnant. Jian’s mother is a teenage girl with no employment and relies on her grandmother, a peasant farmer without a formal source of income, for support. Jian's mother reports that she was unaware of her pregnancy until her grandmother noticed the signs. With the help of a neighbour, she went to a nearby clinic and tested positive. She attended four antenatal care (ANC) visits, walking more than 35 minutes each way to reach the facility. One evening, she began experiencing abdominal pains, which she initially thought would subside. However, the pain worsened the following morning while she was alone in the homestead. Her screams alerted a neighbor, who assisted her and took her to a local birth attendant. She delivered twins at the home of the birth attendant prematurely, at seven months gestation. Following the birth, the Jian's mother stayed at home for over a week with her twin children. During a routine clinic visit thereafter, it was discovered that the twins were of low birth weight, and they were subsequently admitted to the neonatal unit (NBU) for specialized care.

Jian was born prematurely at home. He was admitted to the NBU after a routine clinic visit by the mother revealed he was born premature and was of low birth weight. In the NBU he stayed for a month where he was given EBM 30mls which was retained the child was also treated with phototherapy, was transfused blood . he was also administered IV xpen, gentamicin among other drugs .he was tolerant to the drugs and eventually was discharged on orals after being initiated to breastfeeding having put on weight from 1240g on admission to 1720g at discharge. A visit to the home revealed the child was breastfeeding well and growing as expected.

Jian’s prognosis is guarded to good, depending on the quality of ongoing neonatal care and follow-up. As a preterm, low-birth-weight neonate, he is at increased risk of early complications such as infections, feeding difficulties, breathing problems, and poor temperature regulation. However, the fact that he was identified during a clinic visit and admitted to the neonatal unit (NBU) significantly improves her chances of survival and recovery. With appropriate neonatal care, adequate nutrition, infection prevention, and close monitoring, many preterm, low-birth-weight infants go on to achieve normal growth and development.